A long history of deforestation and agricultural use has altered many landscapes around the Mediterranean Basin, such as here in Sicily. Image credit: Giampaolo Macorig
The geology of the Mediterranean Basin is tremendously varied, encompassing over 150 islands, fiery volcanoes, limestone soils, and tall mountains. This wide range of geological conditions, combined with the area’s location at the nexus of three continents, supports a proportionately high level of plant diversity.